Moonshine Stud

Quality home-bred rabbits bred true to type

Rabbits and Bunnies

Rabbits and Hares are very similar but they can be very confusing to those who are not aware of the differences! To add to the confusion there is a breed of rabbit called a Belgian Hare, bred precisely so that it looks like a hare. Belgian Hares started off the rabbit fancy in the USA(see my Belgian Hares section for more information on these beautiful rabbits). In America, some hares are called Jack Rabbits....





Boxing hares in March




European hare



European rabbit



Eastern cottontail (USA)



Blacktailed jackrabbit (USA)



Wild hare



Snowshoe hare summer coat



Snowshoe hare winter coat




Field hare




A pika, part of the lagomorph family as well



Rabbits are born blind and naked and cannot see for at least 10 days. The doe makes a nest and feeds them only once a day to make sure that predators are not alerted to these vulnerable kittens. They are in a warren stop where many rabbits live.
Hares are born fully furred (like guinea pigs) and called leveretts. They have to fend for themselves as soon as they are born and live in stops in a field. Hares do not live together and only come together to breed, hence the mad march hare. They love to box and to hang around airports, and they are built to run like a greyhound. Both are hunted. Hares cannot be domesticated because they are so highly strung.
 






Rabbits were deliberately kept in a warren since they were a useful source of meat and fur. Ferrets were put into the warren and the rabbits were netted as they tried to escape. Women are catching the rabbits here. Not everyone was allowed to do so; rabbits and game were the prerogative of the nobles and the king.

This is an illustration from a medieval prayer book called the Queen Mary Psalter. It was produced in England around 1310-1320. It was owned by the Earl of Rutland who was imprisoned at the accession to the throne of Mary Tudor. It was confiscated by a customs officer in London and given to the Queen.





"Alice was beginning to get very tired of sitting by her sister on the bank, and of having nothing to do: once or twice she had peeped into the book her sister was reading, but it had no pictures or conversations in it, and where is the use of a book, thought Alice, without pictures or conversations? So she was considering in her own mind, (as well as she could, for the hot day made her feel very sleepy and stupid,) whether the pleasure of making a daisy-chain was worth the trouble of getting up and picking the daisies, when a white rabbit with pink eyes ran close by her.

There was nothing very remarkable in that, nor did Alice think it so very much out of the way to hear the rabbit say to itself "dear, dear! I shall be too late!" (when she thought it over afterwards, it occurred to her that she ought to have wondered at this, but at the time it all seemed quite natural); but when the rabbit actually took a watch out of its waistcoat-pocket, looked at it, and then hurried on, Alice started to her feet, for it flashed across her mind that she had never before seen a rabbit with either a waistcoat-pocket or a watch to take out of it, and, full of curiosity, she hurried across the field after it, and was just in time to see it pop down a large rabbit-hole under the hedge"

Lewis Carol - Alice's Adventures Underground




Over the course of the last 150 years, many different breeds of domestic poultry have been reared.  The idea of keeping fowl as domestic animals and not just for profit came into vogue when cock-fighting was banned and the idea of a poultry show was introduced.  The earliest recorded show was at held in the grounds of London Zoo in 1845.  The birds were shown three to a cage and they were valued at as much as £5 each, an astonishingly high price at this time.





View of Derwent Water in Cumbria, northwest England by W. Green in aquatint. Derwent Water is in the north of the English lake district and it was here that children’s author Beatrix Potter set many of her stories. She spent nine summer holidays here between 1885 and 1907 and sketched local scenes around the shores and on the lake itself. She included many of these in her stories such as the tales of Benjamin Bunny and Mrs Tiggy-Winkle. She complained that the locals had a habit of getting drunk and falling in the lake, commenting that, “One hardly likes to go up the lake with such things under the water. They ruin the lake for boating”.




From the Penny Illustrated Post, page 12, 16 Nov 1895




From the Penny Illustrated Post, page 4, 11 Oct 1862





This is from an illuminated manuscript from France. The Hunting Book (also known as (The Book of The Hunt, or Gaston Phoebus' Book of The Hunt, etc.) was written by Gaston Pheobus, the Count of Foix and Viscount of Bearn. He was born in 1331, wrote this book sometime between May 1387 and his death in 1391. He was well-known for being an excellent huntsman, putting on good parties, and for being an all-round great guy. He wrote this book to explain how to hunt different kinds of animals, how to handle dogs, set up blinds, etc. The plate shown here illustrates how to use ferrets to hunt rabbits, and shows the hunters putting muzzled ferrets down rabbit holes, waiting for the rabbits to pop out the other end and into the nets.





A dog chases a plump rabbit in this detail from Initial E: A Priest Celebrating Mass, an illumination in a Spanish law code





Peter Rabbit by Beatrix Potter






Charles Whymper RI 1853 (London) - 1941
A painter of landscapes, animal genre and angling subjects, and illustrations. He was the son of J. W. Whymper and exhibited from 1870. He travelled extensively and in 1923 an exhibition of Egyptian work was held at the Walker Gallery. He was elected to the RI in 1909 and lived in London and at Houghton, Huntingdonshire. He illustrated books on travel, sport and natural history, and published Egyptian Birds as well as several papers on the Pheasantry of England, Bird Life. The Connoisseur comments on his bird studies at the RI in 1922 'Mr. Whymper's relies on almost scientific presentment, correct to the last detail, of the feathered creatures he chooses to depict'.





Young Hare, watercolour, 1512 by Albrecht Durer (1471-1528)




Still Life with a Hare by Eugene Verboeckhoven (1798-1881)





Pliny the Elder: [1st century CE] (Natural History, Book 8, 81): The fertility of rabbits is enormous. By eating all the crops, rabbits brought famine to the Balearic Islands, to such extent that the people there petitioned Augustus to send troops to fight the beasts. Rabbits are hunted with ferrets.
Isidore of Seville: [7th century CE] (Etymologies, Book 12, 1:24): Rabbits (cuniculi) are rural animals, named from caniculi (small dogs) because they are taken when tracked by dogs.






Sacred Profanity: The Theology of Rabbit Breeding and the Symbolic Landscape of the Warren
David Stocker, Margarita Stocker
World Archaeology, Vol. 28, No. 2, Sacred Geography (Oct., 1996), pp. 265-272
This paper makes the case that, because rabbits were understood to have a symbolic meaning in medieval theology, we might expect that some structures associated with their management should also be suspected of having some symbolic content. Such symbolism is clearly visible at the so-called 'Triangular Lodge' at Rushton, Northamptonshire, and a wider group of monuments, including certain English monastic pillow mounds, is reviewed. More widely, it is suggested, the symbolic meanings of managed animals should be understood and deployed during analysis of the structures and landscapes involved.





Obvious really, the Playboy bunny......






Giant Rabbits - compare this to the Polish (UK Polish)!



Mad March Hare from Alice in Wonderland




How to allure the Hare". Facsimile of a Miniature in the Manuscript of Phoebus (Fifteenth Century).



Rabbits During WW2 -  Food was scarce so people bred rabbits to supplement heavy rationing. Sometimes the best rabbits were kept for show!

"My father owned three cottages which were bombed and no longer inhabitable. He was a master butcher and decided to keep tame rabbits and chicken in the gardens of the three cottages. I was about ten or eleven at this time and American forces were using the derelict,bombed out area as a training ground for house to house street fighting. It was my responsibility to feed the rabbits which were in hutches and on this particular day I gathered dandelions as usual and went to feed them. Unfortunately I discovered to my horror that somehow the rabbits had escaped.
I could hear loud bangs and explosions nearby but took no notice. I was too upset over the loss of the rabbits and the trouble I'd be in at home. I burst into tears and sat on a half demolished wall. Suddenly from nowhere appeared an enormous American soldier he asked me why I was crying and when I told him he yelled 'Cease fire'.A number of men arrived and were told to look for'the little girl's rabbits' and they did so after giving me some chocolate to cheer me up. It was an hour later that the last one was retrieved. This took place some months before D.day"

"My name is Peter Cotton and as a child I lived in Chesterton on a council estate named Beasley. Like children of my age, that being eight years old, I wanted a pet rabbit. At this paticular time they were hard to get hold of,there appeared a shortage of them. I was told of a man named Sid in Beasley Avenue who kept rabbits, so one day I stopped him to ask if he would sell me one. "No" was the answer. He would give me one, but I must feed it and keep it in his garden, hutch provided. I agreed, a few of my friends did the same.
How did we feed them?Those who remember, may recall waste food bins (pig bins), these were placed around the estate so that the residents could put any waste food in them. This food was then collected and taken to the work house hospital on London Road, Newcastle.It was then boiled and fed to the pigs that the work house reared to help feed the needy, any spare they sold to other local 'pig keepers.'It had the name 'Tottnem Pudding', so it was a valuable animal food supply, it was an offence to take food out of these bins. We used the bins for our wicket at that time because there no cars on the estate, only horse carts, so it was safe to play.But back to my rabbit feeding, Sid told us the cabbage, carrots and other food that rabbits eat could be found in these bins, so each night our gang equipped with torch and bag raided the bins.Well, our rabbit grew big on this supply of food, but after a while Sid would tell us our rabbit had died. To cover our disappointment he would give us another young one in its place, this happened a lot of times. As I grew older I realised what Sid had been doing, so to give my mind a clear conscience from raiding the bins I thought well, I helped to feed part of the nation"

"My father kept rabbits, as did many like him. There were a number of air bases near us, and they used to take all their rubbish by lorry to a large pit at Kettleburgh. We noticed that they often had lots of packing cases and my Dad mentioned that he would like some for the rabbits. So my brother and I went and stood in the middle of the road to ask for some cases. They used to leave us some by the side of the road for about a month afterwards. In the end I suppose they got fed up with us!"

"Like many of the other local residents, we kept rabbits during the war. They were very cheap to keep. You could gather food for them from the hedgerows, like Sheep’s Parsley and any stale bread you’d put in the oven and give it to them. You never had to buy any rabbit food. It was our job as kids to look after the rabbits and dig the garden. We also kept ferrets at the bottom of the garden for rabbiting. Quite a lot of farm workers kept them as a way of earning extra cash"

WW2 People's War is an online archive of wartime memories contributed by members of the public and gathered by the BBC. The archive can be found at www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar



A load of rabbit skins, Northern Tablelands, New South Wales






Rabbits are of course very cute too...





Or they can be like a jackalope...




And they symbolise many different things depending on which culture you're interested in





And of course you can count on the Easter Bunny!

The first appearance of an egg laying rabbit emerged amongst German Protestants during the 1700s.  They wished to retain the Catholic custom of eating coloured eggs for Easter without having to fast.  (Catholics were forbidden to eat eggs during lent, and were therefore abundant on Easter Sunday). German immigrants introduced the “Osterhase”, which means Easter Hare, to Pennsylvania, USA in the 18th century.  The Germans told their children about the hare that would only lay colourful eggs in nests created for him by good boys and girls.  The tradition has spread and is now celebrated among many cultures, some with slight differences.






Skomer island in Pembrokeshire, Wales is known for its wildlife - birds and rabbits.  Click here for a short documentary on youtube.



Rabbit hopping is popular in Denmark and Germany!






Rabbit and Acorn Jay Birds, a Song Dynasty era painting by Chinese artist Cui Bai, painted in 1061 AD


Scientific classification
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Order: Lagomorpha
Family: Leporidae

Order Lagomorpha